Welcome to CHEM 146 - Membrane Biochemistry at UCSB
Flash Image Gallery:
|
1. Lipid motion in the bilayer: The non-polar tails undergo a "wagging" motion due to the rotation around the C-C single bonds. These motions are rapid (several times in a nanosecond) because the barrier for internal rotation around the C-C bond is low. However, the configuration around the cis double bond remains unchanged. |
|
| 2. Lipid motion in the bilayer: The whole lipid molecule is free to rotate around its vertical axis. This motion is slower: it takes few microseconds to complete one rotation. | |
| 3. Lipid motion in the bilayer: transverse diffusion of lipid molecules within a leaflet. | |
| 4. Lipid motion in the bilayer: Flipping motion occurs when a lipid molecule shiches from one leaflet to another. | |
| 5. Lipid Asymmetry: | |
| 6. Vesicle Budding: | |
| 7. The MDR (Multi-Drug-Resistance) Protein: |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| University of Miami (Miami, Florida) Not entirely a membrane biochemistry course, but includes a fairly exhaustive outline of a series of lectures on membrane structure and function. |
|
| Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (Troy, NY) Includes potential test questions and a project on hydropathy plots, as well as an interactive quiz. |
Also includes a list of recent articles. |
General Biochemistry/Membrane Biochemistry (see also Lipid Superstructure Shapes)
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Flash Tutorials at Carnegie Mellon U. Contains various resources in Flash format illustrating concepts in biochemistry. |
Dynamic tutorial format diagrams of membrane proteins, ATP synthase, g-protein signaling, lactose permease and others. |
| The Structure and Function of the Cell Membrane Lecture-style description of building blocks and composite structures of membranes accompanying detailed images. |
Static
Needs a password nowadays |
| Lipid Bilayer Pressure Profiles and Mechanosensitive Channel Gating Solid, in-depth and mathematical approach to understanding membrane dynamics. |
Static cartoons of membrane proteins and physical quantities acting upon them. |
| Bioelectricity of Cell Membranes Excellent resource; outlines basics of aspects of membranes and how they compartmentalize chemical and electrical potentials. |
Notes on various topics, including: The Origin of Membrane Potentials, Action Potentials, Membrane Currents, Channel Kinetics, Ion Selectivity, Channel Blockers and Toxins, Axonal Propagation and Myelination, Encoding of Action Potentials, Synaptic Transmission, and Channels and Diseases. |
| Membranes as Therapeutic Targets An entire reader's worth of information posted. Highly informative and in-depth. |
Static several diagrams pertaining to the verbal information posted. |
| Energy And The Living Cell A basic outline of concepts related to introductory membrane biochemistry. |
Notes in outline form. |
| Cholesterol: Good and Bad. n ACLS Guide to Answering your Cholesterol Questions |
Static General discussion about the role of cholesterol in human health. |
| The Movement of Substances Across Cell Membranes: Facilitated Diffusion |
Notes in a general outline format of materials covered above. |
| Membrane Protein Folding And Stability: Physical Principles Paper goes into good biophysical depth about folding properties of membrane proteins that is not insofar covered in the above works. |
Reader Reivew article depicting structures of membrane protein motifs and thermodynamic diagrams. |
| The Physics of Cell Membranes Article describes the aspects, as well as means of studying, the physical quantities ascribed to cellular membrane structures. In particular, describes porous and electrical properties, and how proteins alter membrane properties. Relatively heavy mathematical treatment. |
Static diagrams of means of studying cell membranes, with plenty of diagrams of illustrative results. |
| RasMol Cutaway Views of Lipid Bilayers | Static RasMol views of bilayers. |
| William C. Wimley, Ph.D Personal web space of a membrane biochemist at Tulane Univ. |
Static many pictures of motifs, membrane structures and folding patterns. Clearly rendered with references. |
| General Principles of Membrane Protein Folding and Stability Goes into more depth about the folding dynamics of membrane-associated proteins than the above. |
Static diagrams of insertion (unique to this page) and association energetics of membrane proteins are notable. |
| http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/Bio111/SERCAanimation.html | Dynamic calcium channel operation. |
| Membrane Programs Membrane is a simulation program with a plasma membrane that has an embedded channel separating two compartments. Each compartment contains a solute that may be at different concentrations on each side. The simulation is done by random walk of the solute in either a finite or infinite compartments. The particle may be neutral or charged. In the case of charged particle, the channel is selective to cations and excludes anions. The program computes fluxes and if the solute consists of ionic species it also computes the membrane potential that may appear as a result of charge separation. |
Dynamic A program and an animation. |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Mechanisms
of Lipid Oxidative Fragmentation Organic treatment of the oxidation of lipids. Fairly detailed and in depth. |
Static images of synthesis pathways. |
| Effect
of Lycopine on the Resistance of Rat Liver Microsomes to In Vitro Induced
LPO |
|
| Lipid Peroxidation Products and Antioxidants in Human Disease | |
| Burlakova EB, Molochkina E. M., Pal'mina N. P., "Role of membrane lipid oxidation in control of enzymatic activity in normal and cancer cells," Adv Enzyme Regul 1980;18:163-79 | |
| Oxidation of Linoleic Acid in Low-Density Lipoprotein: An Important Event in Atherogenesis | |
| http://www.uwsp.edu/chemistry/tzamis/boxanim.gif | Dynamic animation of beta oxidation of lipids |
| http://www.uwsp.edu/chemistry/tzamis/365f00pdfs/betaoxdn02.pdf | Static diagram of beta oxidation of saturated fatty acids |
| Cholesterol oxidation: Health hazard and the role of antioxidants in prevention | Review |
| Pathology
of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Outline of lipid related material: background, structures, sources, nomenclature, analysis, metabolism, transport, physiological disorders and applications to animals other than humans. |
Static original pictures of transport/metabolism of lipids |
| Oxidative Stress Including Glutathione, A Peptide For Cellular Defense Against Oxidative
Stress Plenty of information about oxidative stress. Goes into high detail. Goes into depth about many kinds of biological oxidations in addition to membrane lipid oxidations. |
Static images of oxidation, but relatively few concerning lipids. |
| Oxidized Lipids. Article by Paola Patrignani. |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| The
Effects Of Illegal Drugs Excellent background information about ethanol/GABA interaction (more in depth than above) |
|
| Pharmacotherapy for the Alcoholic Patient | Static excellent picture of GABA receptor (slide 6) |
| Sedative-Hypnotics General |
Static very good picture of mechanism of action of GABA receptor |
| Addiction
close to home Small site describing GABA function. |
Dynamic excellent Flash image of GABA action and neurotransmission. Interactivity allows viewing situation with and without alcohol. |
| Lexicons
of alcohol and drug terms: Resource 1; Resource 2; Resource 3 |
Notes containing many terms related to alcohol and other drugs. |
| Early Research About Alcohol and the Brain General resource about effects of ethanol on membrane function. |
Static good diagram of integral membrane proteins in relation to signaling. |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Promiscuous
Ligands And Attractive Cavities Paper details how anesthetics work and on what structures they operate upon. |
Static several excellent pictures and schematics of the plasma membrane, lateral pressures within the membrane, a proposed anesthetic mechanism, and channel potential energies. |
| General
Anesthesia Excellent background information detailing structures of anesthetics and molecules they operate upon. Plenty of supplementary information to back up this page via links. |
Static schematics of membranes and receptors. Plenty of material. |
| Anesthesia
May Work By Blocking Oxygen Basic article describing the overall schools of thought of how anesthetics work. Good starting point. |
|
| Road
to La-La Land More in-depth treatment of the two theories than the above (includes biophysical treatment of material). |
Static Membrane structure, electrostatic potential, and gramicidin ion channel schematics. |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Membranes Medium-length reader describing shapes of lipids and other membrane components and the compositions of membranes; goes into detail about membrane composition and how to study it. |
Reader including many graphics, varying from lipid structure to means of studying different phases. |
| Influence of amphiphilic compounds on membranes Paper discusses the interaction between membranes and amphiphilic substances. The effect on membranes of quaternary ammonium salts, both in the form of pesticides and oxidants as well as organic compounds of tin and lead are discussed in greater detail. |
|
| Effects
of oleic acid and its congeners, elaidic and stearic acids, on the structural
properties of phosphatidylethanolamine membranes Paper discusses oleic acid (OA)-produced important concentration-dependent alterations of the lipid membrane structure in the lamellar-to-hexagonal transition temperature of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl PE and dielaidoyl PE and regulates the dimensions of the hexagonal lattice; contrasts effects with elaidic and stearic acids. Effects were attributed to the different "molecular shape" of OA (with a kink at the middle of the molecule) with respect to their congeners, elaidic and stearic acids. |
G-Protein Signaling (Stressing noradrenaline & protein kinase C)
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Cell
Signaling and Communication Good set of .PPT lecture notes, including a wide range of examples of cell to cell communication. Ca++ covered as well. |
Static plenty of diagrams of signal receptors, signal cascades and cell to cell communication. |
| Types
of receptor-effector linkage Very complete lecture regarding GPCRs. Good introductory source. |
Static plenty of pictures diagramming GPCR signal cascades and GPCRs. |
| Gallery
of Cell Signalling Flash Movies Movies with descriptions. |
Dynamic
16 beautifully clear examples of GPCRs and related material in Flash format.
Sound included. Static resources available through parent site. |
| Molecular aspects of drug action Contains an examination of signaling with respect to drug action and carriers as targets for drugs. |
Static many pictures and diagrams-of particular interest are the charts which diagram the interactions of drugs on varying receptors. |
| Signal Transduction Cascades Good introductory treatment of signaling cascades, including structures involved, and in particular, small molecule entities. |
Static
Many clear pictures of structures of both receptors and small molecule signaling
compounds. Dynamic several movies of cartoons depicting PKA, GPCRs, and phosphatidilinositol cascade. |
| G-Protein Coupled Receptors Short .PPT lecture about GPCRs. Goes into some good, solid detail. |
Static carries accompanying images to illustrate concepts in the slides. |
| Second Messenger Systems Short outline; components, other examples included. |
|
| Membranes & Cell Signaling Very complete resource. Includes several links to alternative sources (ie Lodish, et al). |
Static good examples of signal cascades and several signaling complexes. |
| Lipid
Anchors and Second Messengers Notes on protein lipidation and anchors into the cell membrane, not previously covered in appreciable depth in the above. |
|
| http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/biochem_animations/ | Dynamic calcium ion channel Shockwave picture. |
| Homepage for Biocarta, Inc. | Dynamic clear JPG pictures allow Java-enabled browsers to click over specific proteins or structures and obtain detailed information about them from various sources (SwissProt, etc.) |
| http://courses.washington.edu/bchem442/Adrenaline.html | Dynamic Epinephrine activates cAMP pathway |
| http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/immunology/Flash/IP3.html | Dynamic Shockwave animation of production of IP3 and Ca2+ Ion Wave. |
| Neuropharmacology Particular focus on noradrenaline. |
Static pictures focus on GPCRs (in particular, the adrenergic receptors mores |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Membrane
dynamics and cell polarity: the role of sphingolipids Lipid manufacture, targeting and rafts |
Static schemes of rafts and caveolae. |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| G Protein Coupled Receptors and Their Effectors | Excerpt of text from Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology. |
| Resource Synopsis | Description of Resources (Images, Notes, etc.) |
| Current Opinion in Structural Biology; articles containing "membrane". 144 results, many of which are excellent reviews with highly relevant subjects, ranging from motifs, structures, dynamics, energetics, proteins and the like. | Reviews Access full text articles on right hand side menu bar; search for articles with membrane in the title, dependent upon which aspects of membrane biochemistry are to be taught. |
| Journal
of Membrane Biology Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York, LLC ISSN: 0022-2631 (Paper), 1432-1424 (Online) |
Reviews Dependent upon which aspects of membrane biochemistry are to be taught, various articles will be of interest. |
Return to Advanced Biochemistry Learning Environment main page
